A CNC drilling and milling machine is a versatile tool that can perform various processes such as drilling, milling, chamfering, and tapping. It operates through CAD/CAM software programming, CNC system execution, and motor control to perform complex procedures. Proper maintenance and upkeep are crucial to ensuring the machine’s normal operation and extending its lifespan. Here are some key maintenance measures:
Daily Maintenance:
- Cleaning:Clean the machine of dust and metal shavings daily. This includes the control panel, spindle taper hole, tool cart, tool heads and tapers, tool magazine arms, turret, XY-axis metal shields, flexible hoses, cable carriers, and chip trays.
- Lubrication:Check the lubrication oil level to ensure the machine is adequately lubricated.
- Coolant:Verify the coolant level in the coolant tank and refill if necessary.
- Air Pressure:Check that the air pressure is normal.
- Tool Maintenance:Clean the tool magazine arms and tools, particularly the tool claws.
- Signal Lights:Check all signal lights and warning lights for proper operation.
- Work Area Cleanliness:After daily operations, clean the machine and maintain a tidy work environment.
Regular Maintenance:
Power On Idle Run:
- For machines not in regular use, power them on once a week for about an hour to expel moisture and maintain the stability of electronic components.
Air Filter Cleaning:
- Excessive dust on the air filter can obstruct airflow in the control cabinet, leading to overheating and reduced system reliability. Inspect and clean every 3 to 6 months.
Battery Replacement:
- Replace batteries while the power is on to prevent parameter loss. Check and replace annually, ensuring correct polarity.
Servo Motor Maintenance:
- Inspect the servo motor annually. Ensure the CNC system is off and the motor is cool, blow dust off the brushes with dry compressed air, and check for wear.
Machine Appearance and Component Maintenance:
Cleaning:
- Clean the exterior and hard-to-reach areas of the machine. Remove covers, clean inside and out, ensuring no rust, yellowing, or tarnishing, and maintain the original paint and shine.
Rail and Table Maintenance:
- Clean the guide rails and deburr the table surface. Inspect and tighten screws, handles, and ensure the flexibility and reliability of handles.
Spindle Box Maintenance:
- Check the oil quality and level in the spindle box, maintaining it as required. Remove burrs from the spindle taper hole.
Hydraulic System Maintenance:
- Clean the hydraulic speed change system and oil filter, adjusting oil pressure as necessary.
Clamping Mechanism Check:
- Inspect the arm and lifting clamping mechanisms of the drilling and milling machine to ensure their sensitivity and reliability.
Lubrication System Check:
- Clean the oil felts, ensuring oil cups are complete, oil paths are unobstructed, and oil windows are clear.
Cooling System Check:
- Clean the cooling pump, filter, and coolant tank. Check the coolant pipes for leaks.
Electrical System Check:
- Dust the motor and electrical box inside and out. With the power off, inspect electrical connectors and components for looseness or aging. Verify the operation of limit switches, door interlocks, and hydraulic systems, checking for oil leaks and ensuring all electrical control switches function correctly.
